ALFF b/w SIVD and Control

ALFF differences between SIVD and control groups without (A) and with (B) GM volume correction, 

respectively.

SIVD patients showed reduced ALFF values in the bilateral precuneus and increased ALFF values in the bilateral ACC, left insula and hippocampus. Of note, the between-group differences in the ALFF values exhibited highly similar patterns between with and without correcting GM volume. Statistical thresholds were set at P<0.01 for individual voxels and a cluster size >1080 mm3, which corresponds to a corrected P<0.01 determined by Monte Carlo simulations. Color bars represent the t value of the group analysis. Cool color represents decreased ALFF values, and warm color represents increased ALFF values. 

Correlations between ALFF values and cognitive performance of patients with SIVD

Left column: partial correlation analysis between MoCA scores and ALFF values. There were negative correlations between the MoCA scores and the average ALFF values of the left insula (r = −0.388, p = 0.046) and the left hippocampus (r = −0.564, p = 0.002). Middle column: regions showing differences in ALFF values between SIVD patients and control subjects (SIVD>HC, p<0.01, AlphaSim corrected). Right column: partial correlation analysis between MMSE scores and ALFF values. There was negative correlation between the MMSE scores and the average ALFF values of the left insula (r = −0.542, p = 0.004) and the left hippocampus (r = −0.421, p = 0.029). The effects of age, gender, years of education, and GM volume were corrected as covariates. Each dot represents data from one participant. ALFF results may be affected by structural atrophy. Because decreased gray matter (GM) volume in the frontal and temporal regions as well as the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex has been observed in SIVD patients.